Apparatus for winding springs



' 1532689 July 1927' s. H. HARTSHORN o APPARATUS FOR WINDING SPRINGS Filed June 6, 1925 4 Sheets-Shet 1 It [a1 25 -'41 in IN VEN T 01?.

%A TTOR/VEES.

July 26, 1927. 1,636,689

S. H. HARTSHQRN APPARATUS FOR WINDING SPRINGS Filed June 6, 1925 4 Shee ts-Sheet z July 26, 1927.

v s. H. HARTSHORN APPARATUS FOR wmnwe SPRINGS Filed June 6, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 *RWN .QQN QRNN A: TTORNEYS.

July 26,1927. 36,689

. S. H. HARTSHORN APPARATUS FOR WINDING SPRINGS Filed June 6, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 25 d "Ii/1% 4 1; \6 Z ."Q

ATTORNEYS.

Patented July 26, 1927.

UNITED STATES ar ssa PATENT OFFICE.

STEWART H. HARTSI 'IORN, OF SHORT HILLS, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T0 STEWART HARTSHORN COMPANY, OF EAST NEWARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

Application filed June 6,

The invention relates to apparatus for winding spiral springs, and has for ts objeets the production of a device in winch the spring when formed, will be" ot ur11torm volume or mass; in which all springs will be of uniform length, in which the spring will not be distorted as to diameter; in which the stock will be completely Wound, the last convolution being true; in which waste will be eliminated; in which the speed 0t production will be increased; in which the material to be acted on Wlll function as a part of the apparatus; to correct errors in the material; which will be cheap to construct, economical to operate, and which will be ol strong and rugged construction. a

These and further objects will more fully appear in the following specitication and claims, and in the accompanying drawings, considered together or separately.

One embodiment of the invention is illus trated in the accompanying drawin s in which like parts in all 01 the several figures are designated by similar characters of reiterence, and in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 52. i

4 is a transverse section on the line 4l-4l of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5--5 of Fig.

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional View, on a much enlarged scale, of the winding head.

Fig. 7 is a horizontal section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is, an end elevation. of the braking and locking mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the same.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the bolt-pawl.

F 11 is a sectional view of a modified form of winding bushing.

Fig. 12 is a detail view of a modified form of winding head.

Fig. 13 is a similar view of a further modification. a

Fig. 14 is a similar 'VlEW of another fication.

Fig. 15 is a front elevation of a ventilating pulley. V

Fig. 16 is a section on the line 16-16 of F 15, and

modi- AIPPARATIJ'S FOR WINDING SPRINGS.

1925. Serial No. 35,268.

Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic view of a modified form of mandrel and bushing.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated, l designates a frame of any suitable construction on. or Within Whiclris mounted a motor 2 the shaft of which carries a pulley 3 over which passes a belt 4; which latter. passes over and drives a pulley 5 on a spindle 6 the latter being journalled in a hearing head 7 carried on the frame, and at a distance from the motor. j

Projecting from one end of, and in axial alinement with, the spindle (5 is a mandrel 8 of any suitable length and configuration. One end of the mandrel is preferably secured within a socket in the spindle by means of a pin 9 or the like, whereby the mandrel will be removable. he mandrel extends along the top of the frame toward the end thereoi opposite the head 7 and its :treeend is preferably provided with a shoulder 10 and with a short longitudinal slot 11, the inner end of the slot being inside the shoulder. Y

The mandrel has a bearing 16 in a carriage 12 adapted to slide along the frame longitudinally of the mandrel. The slide is preferably carried on rollers 13 traveling within guides ll, as shown in Fig. 4.

In winding a spring upon the mandrel, the

. wire is preferably maintained under tension during its application with the mandrel to thereby insure the production of a completed spring which is uniform throughout its length. This end is accomplished in my invention by providing in con'ibination with the mandrel, a spring engaging element which is substantially tangential to the spring on the mandrel at the point oliapplication of the wire to tl'iereby frictionally engage the rotating spring and limit its recoil. In the en'ibodiment illustrated, the carriage provided with an internal cavity or socket 15 within which is positioned a suitable hardened bushing 17 with its inner surface adapted to t'rictionally engage a spring upon the mandrel along its length and particularly at the point of engagement Oil the wire with the mandrel to thereby limit the recoil of the spring and maintain the .same under tension during the process of winding. To reduce the generation of heat and the wear and tear on both the spring and the bushing 17, the latter is preferably arranged eccentric to the mandrel so that able the bearing block 16 will be held in close en gagement with the wire as it is fed to the mandrel, by means of a suitable resistance retarding the advanced movement of the carriage. Herein, I have lllustrated this resistance as a. suitable weight 19 of mass 20' sufficient to strip the spring from the mandrel uponits completion and upon the interruption of the rotation of the mandrel.

The carriage 12 is provided with a suit lateral horizontal perforation 20 through which the wire is fed to the man drel 8 and a funnel shaped mouth 21 facilitates the insertion of a wire therein, Cor-- responding to this perforation 20 in the can riage wall, a similar opening or notch 22 is formed in thebushing 17, the two openings being in alinement. I

In order to further-insure the maintenance of the wire under tension and particularly at the moment it engages the mandrel, the

bushing 17 is made eccentric to the mandrel so as to engage the spring at the top of the mandrel, and the upper Wall of the notch 22 is preferably inclined upward so to be substantially tangential to the bore of the bushing 17 at the top of the latter, as shown in Figs. and 6. l/Vith this arrangement, the friction of the wire against the wall of the perforation 20 and the inclined face of the notch 22 further insures the production of a tightly wound spring.

Carried on the top of the carriage is a plate 23 the upper surface of which is formedof ratchet teeth the verticalfaces of which face the free end of the mandrel.

The spindle 6, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, is journaled in two spaced bearings 24 and 25 with the pulley 5 between the bearings.

On that end of the spindle opposite the mandrel, and outsideof the bearing 24, is a brake drum 26, and the outer face of the V drum is provided with an integral lug 27.

Said lug is arranged diametrically of the drum and at the center thereof but preferably does not extend entirely across the same. I

An elastiefmetal band 28 secured to a pin 29 extending from the head 7 encircles the up er part of the brake drum, and is provi ed with a brake lining preferably in the form of a rawhide strap 30 secured to theinner'side of the band; One end of the band is free and the strap extends beyond the free extremity thereof and its end: is,

secured to 'a tightening device The tightener, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, comprises an eccentric 31 freely rotatable on a pin. 32 carried by the head 7,

and the end of the strap 30 is secured to the member 31 at its point of greatest eecentricity, and said point is weighted as by I means of a relatively heavy lug33 whereby the lug will normally hang down, the elas ticity of the band 28 holding the lining 30 away from the drum 26.

The eccentric carriesia stop 34 projecting from its surface a short angular distance from the shortestradius of the eccentric The pin 32 18 mounted directly below the spindle 6,is parallel thereto and projects beyond the outer face of the brake drum :26,

and carries a roller 35 positioned between the eccentric and the face of the drum, as

shown in Fig. 3.

Carried in bearings on the frame and extending longitudinally thereof is ashaft 26' carrying on its end adjacent'the belt 4a 7 lever on posite end a crank handle 37. The arm 38" operate with the belt 4 and thereby provide a driving connection between i and the spindle 6. I v

The opposite arm 38" of the lever carries a pin 40 projecting outwardly on both sides of the arm. Carried on the pin and at one sidc'of the arm is a bar 41 having a right angled extension 42 having a cam surface 43 and projectsacross and rests upon the; head bearing 25. The extension is retained in position by means of a housing 44 secured to the top of the bearing. The housing has a longitudinal groove 45 through which the extension is adapted to move and said groove has a ortion' of greater depth to accommodate t e, cam portion of the extension. The housing is also provided with i a slot 46 extending at right angles to the groove 45 and allowing communication with the latter from above the housing. The slot 46 is preferably in the longitudinal center of the frame and parallel to and above the spindle 6.

Pivoted in a block 47 on the bearing 24 is an elongated hook 48 which extends over the bearing 25, is guided in the slot 46 and rests upon the extension 42. The free end of the hook is disposed in the path of the carriage 12 and when the latter is below the hook its tip Wlll engage, by gravity, the teeth on the plate 23 and prevent movement of the carriage under the influence r of the weight 19.

Pivoted to the opposite end of the pin having a pair of outwardly ex- .tendlng arms'88 and 38", and'on its op-J carries a jockey pulley 39 adapted to cothe I motor 2 ill) inclined face joins the two. The bottom of the bolt rests upon the roller and pivoted to the bolt is a pawl 51. The end of the pawl is adapted to engage the stop 3d whereby tightener 31 may be rotated to shorten up on the strap 30 to apply the brake to the drum and retard the rotation of the spindle (3. The pawl is normally pressed downward by a light spring 52 carried by the bolt, and a pin 53 also carried by the bolt, limits such movement.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated the apparatus is shown as adapted to wind a closed spring of flat wire such as is employed in spring shade-rollers. Such a spring is, when completed, of substantially cylindrical form from end to end, but it is to be understood that by employing a mandrel of a form other than cylindrical, springs of different shapes may be wound. In Fig. 17 is shown, diagrammatically, a form of mandrel and bushing whereby a tapered, or conical, spring may be formed. The mandrel 5a is tapered and the bore of the bushing is tapered correspondingly.

By providing a female thread 56 in the bore of the mandrel, as shown in Fig. 11, open springs may be wound, the pitch of the thread determining the space between the convolutions of the spring. The thread may becut around the entire bore of the bushing, but obviously the threads may be in the upper part only, and the lower portion may be cylindrical. I

In the modifications illustrated in Figs. 12,

13 and 14:, the bushing may be dispensed with, and pins or the like, eccentrically disposed relatively to the mandrel, may project from the face of the bearing 16. In F 1g. 12 the pins 57 are shown as of rectangular crosssection. Fig. 13 shows the pins 58 cylindrical and Fig. 14L shows rollers 59 'carried on pins 60.

In Figs. 15 and 1G is illustrated a form of drive pulley particularly fidttpllGfl in the situation here presented. In the embodiment of the invention, in order to produce speed in production, the motor should run at high speed and, as the drive pulley must often rotate relatively to the belt when the jockey pulley is off there will be friction between the belt and pulley when the jockey is off and this friction will be increased when the jockey is applied and until the drive pulley takes hold, and the heat engendered by such friction would quickly destroy the belt. To obviate this danger the pulley is not only ventilated but acts as a blower to draw in cool air and blow it against the rim and against the inner side of the belt whereby the pulley as well as the belt will be kept cool at all times during the operation of the apparatus.

The pulley comprises an unperforated web 60 connecting the hub and rim 61, the latter having gaps G2 at intervals and on both sides of the web. On each side of the web is arranged a series of vanes 63, which do not extend to the hub, and an annular cheek plate 64 is secured to each edge of the rim. ameter than the rim of the pulley and form flanges therefor. Obviously the said plates may be of the same diameter as the edges of the rim and form part of the pulley surface.

In operation air will be drawn in through the openings in the cheek plates, and dis charged through the gaps 02 against the belt.

The operation of the device, as a whole, is as follows:-

When the apparatus is at rest with the motor running, the jockey will be swung away from the belt. The bolt 4:9 will be under the lug 27 to hold the same in its horizontal position and prevent rotation of j the spindle 6. The high part of the extension as will be beneath the hook 18 to sustain the latter in position out of the path of the carriage, as shown in dotted lines Fig. 3. The weighted end of the eccentric 31 will hang plumb and. the clasticity of the band 28 will release the brake band from the drum, as shown in 2.

The mandrel is positioned with the slot 11 always in line with the lug 27 whereby, when at rest, the said stop will be horizontal, as shown in Fig. 3.

The carriage 13 will be moved by the weight 19 to its stopped position against the wall 18, as shown in dotted .lines liig. 3, and the perforation 20 therein will be in line with the slot 11 and back of the shoulder 10 of the mandrel.

The operator will insert the end of a length of wire in the perforation 20, the funnel 21 acting as a guide, until it is stopped. by engagement with wall on the opposite side of the bushing 17. The wire has been cut the exact length necessary to form a spring of the length and diameter desired. The diameter of the wire such that it will bear against the inner wall of the notch, and the inner face of the bearing block 16.

The fact that the carriage is fed toward the head 7 by the accumulation of convolutions on the mandrel will. automatically correct errors of wire. The wire, which may be of any desired cross section, will always be wound on the mandrel, within the limits of the plate 23. Should the wire be rolled thinner in spots a shorter spring will result. Should the average thickness of the wire be greater than its supposed The check plates are of greater diill!) gauge, a longer sprinp; will resi1lt,, ,but in all cases the wire will be wound. out to the end.

The operator will now throw the handle 37 in the direction to engage the jockev 89 with thebelt l: to tighten the s; the pulleys 3 and The early 1 movement of the lever 38 carrying jockey, will withdraw the cam offthe e.:'-'

tension 42 from beneath the heel: 48 and the latter will fall to its normal positionwith its point in the path of travel of the serrated plate on the carriage. At the same time the bolt 419 will be withdrawn from below the lug 27. The continued move ment of the jockey will tirliton the belt on the pulleys and the spindl. a mandrel will] be rotated at a high rate oiispeed 'The rotation of the mandrel will wind the strip of spring metal. the in in a spiral.

The first convolution will be jannned lie-- tween the shoulderlO and the inner i'ace ot the bearing 16 and the shoulder being stathe tionary as regards-hi1 inm'einent, carriage will be moved as the mandrel rotates and: convolutimisare added to the spring. 'The friction oi the wire against the wall' ot the perforation E20 and the inclined wall of the not cause the wire to be wound tiggatly on mandrel, and the last coni olution will exactly like those preceih it and there will be no tangential end as is usuah Before all of the wire is wound on the mandrel the carriage 12 will be beneath the hook 48. After the end of the wire disappears in the opening 20, the operator will swing the handle to release the jockey from from its tight cent the drivingbelt. "Thismovement will also cause the hook 8 to drop into enszagen'ient with the plate 23 tohold tho carr go against the mu of the weight 19' the hralre will be applied to the drum 26 to retard the rotation of the spindle 6 and mandrel, the bolt 4:9 will be shot across the face oi the drum and the leg 27 will engage the top of the bolt when it reaches the horizontal position, the spindle and mandrel will be locked against rotation, and the spring being freed of the frictional'restraint will recoil from the inandrel P but the recoil will be arrested. by the bushing 17. the diainetero'lt the bore of which is' slightly'less than the recoil limit of the spring; The spring'will thus be released act with the inandrel.- The continued movement oi the handle 37 will move tllOCtlll] e3 on the extension 42, under thohool: and release the same from the carriage andthe weight 19 will pull the carriage toward the front oi? the 'fl'llllQ, and the spring will best-ripped from the mandrel and ejected from the bore of the carriage.

The rotation of the parts having been stopped with the lurg 27 in its horizontal position, the slot 10 at the free end of'the weld theh'ead 7 r mandrel wi lbe horizontaland in line with the leedhole in the carriage. The devicefis now in poi-iition to repeat the operation; A

new wire is inserted as, before, the handle s swung in they opposite direction, the ho -8 l 03 the bolt dais withdrawn, the hralce is releas and the operation is repeated.

The operation of the braking and locking" ine h a n ism is as follows 1- 7 upon the roller and its lower extension s the face of the drum 26 below .e lug); Ell. As'the handle is e the jockey from the belt, t

the bolt ll), and he pawl olcarried thereby, are moved. to, the rightin Figs. 2 and. 8.

The end of the pawl engages the stud. 34

and turns weighted eccentric 31 in the clock-,

wise direction to apply the brake band. to;

ea'erse movement of the handle pawl will assume its initial .ll tightened, the

lthe operation of Winding will position am he resumed. I

In. order to adapt my invention, as park ticular y represented by the above described 1' use in the winding; of open springs spring desired. n of such a bushing are shown in in which a bushing 17 is provided a spiral .groove 56 out or otherwise :l ornied in its inner wall, the spacing of the convolutions ol the spiral correspondin to the pitch otthe particular spring desire The depth of 'thegroove 56 will preferably be made somewhat less than the diameter of.

the wire so that the latter will be Wound tightly upon the mandrel and its recoil limited.

Instead of the-tlneaded device of Fig. 11,

any other nice .s of changing the angle of d, the jockey tightens the belt,

mhe bolt 4:9 pivotec on the pin 40 rests he withdrawn, the belt will be.

incidence oi the wire relatively to the axis oi the mandrel, may be employed. I

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes the principle ofthe invention has been described, together with the apparatus which now considered to represent the best einbodnnent thereof, but it is .de-

sired to have it understood that the appa' ratus shown is merely illustrative, and that the invention may be carried out in other Ways.

The invention having been described wl'iat is claimed as new and desired to be so" by Letters Patent of the llnited Stat-'2 1. In a device of the character tiQi-lLiI'll)0ti,

means therefor, of a carriage siidable lon;, 1-

tudinally of the arbor and. means on the riage tangential to a spring on the mandre and frictionally engaging the spring at the point of engagen'ient ot' the wire with the arbor to limit its recoil and iinaintain the wire under tension.

3. In a spring winding device, the combination with an arbor for receiving the spring, and means for rotating it, of a car-- riage surrounding the arbor and adapted to be moved parallel to the latter. the carriage having an entrance through which the wire is passed to the arbor, and a wire braking element carried eccentric to the arbor by the carriage whereby wire wound on the arbor maintained under tension.

4. In a spring winding device, the combination with a movable chambered carriage having an interior annular shoulder and an entrance for a wire adjacent the latter, of a rotatable mandrel extending axially through the carriage, and a bushing carried within the chamber of the carriage eccentric to the mandrel for limiting the recoil ot the spring on, the mandrel.

5. In a spring winding apparatus, the combination with a rotatable arbor, oil? a carriage guided thereon having an interior bination with a rotary arbor and means for driving the same, of a carriage il'lfi'ttlllG along the arbor in timed relation to the de velopment of the spring, a clan'iping member cooperating with the Wire on the arbor to restrict the recoil of the wound spring, a re sistance for returning the carriage to the starting position, a gripping de vi tor l oldlimit L :ing the carriage against the action of the rerotation of the arbor and releasing the gripping device.

T. In a machine for winding springs of given length, the combination with an arbor for receiving a spi'i, a source of power, and actuating conncctuu'ia between said parts, of a guide slidin in a path parallel to the arbor, the en; 'einont oi? the wire the latter serving to more the guide, noting means carrieiil by the guide for g the recoil of the spring on the arbor, means resisting the advance of the guide and automatically returning it to the starting position, a gripping device for retaining the guide at the end of its advance niovement, stop mechanism for retardinti' and arresting the rotation ot the arbor, and a release :tor the gripping); device operated by the stop mechanism upon interruption of the arbor rotation.

S. In a machine for winding springs ot a given length, the combination with ana her, a source for rotating it, and carriage actuated longitudinall of the arbor by the run gageinent therewith of a wirebeing wound on the arbor, a means on the carriage cooperating with the wire onv the a bar to re strict the recoil. ot' the spring wound there on, means for holiiling the carriage upon reaching the limitoit'its moven'ient upon tin ishing the winding of a spring, alever tor temporarily disengaging the arbor actuating connections, a brake for successively retard ing and arresting the rotation of the arbor actuated by the movement of said lever, means for releasing the carriage actuated upon the arrest of the arbor, and a tension device for automatically returning the carriage to its starting position. i

9. Spring winding apparatus, comprising a spindle, means for rotating the same, a mandrel carried by and in axial alinemcnt with the spindle, a carriage, a bearing for the mandrel carried by the carriage, there being a cylindrical chamber in the carriage, said chamber being eccentric to the bean ing the mandrel extending through the chamber, a lining for the chamber, there bea longitudinal kert in the free end oi? the mandrel, a lug carried by the spindle and extending diametrically thereof, the length oil? the lug being in the same diametrieal plane as the l zert in the mandrel, a member adapted to engage beneath the lug to arrest rotation ot the spindle and mandrel, there being an opening in the carriage and lining, said opening being so positioned that when the lug is in engagement with the member the slot and opening will be in lateral alinemont.

10. Spring windinil' aplni-ratus, comprising a spindle, means for rotating the same,

a mandrel carried by and in axial alinement with the spindle, a carriage, a bearing for the mandrel carried by the carriage, there being a cylindrical chamber inv the carriage, said chamber being eccentric to the bearing, the mandrel extending through the chamber, a lining for the chamber, there being a longitudinal kert' in the free end of the mandrel, a brake drum ontho spindle, a brake band cooperating with the drum, a lug on the end of the drum and extending diametrically thereof, the lengthof the lug being in the same diametrical plane as the kerf in the mandrel, means for applying the band to the drum to retard the movement thereof, a member adapted to engage beneath the lug to arrest rotation of the spindle and mandrel, there be-' ing an opening in the carriage and lining, said opening being so positioned that when the lug is in engagement with the member the slot and opening will be in lateral alinement.

11. In a spring winding device, the combination with a rotary mandrel supported with one end free and-adapted to receive a 1 wire at its free end and means for rotating it, of a guide actuated longitudinally of the mandrel by the engagement therewith of the wire fed on the mandrel, a means resist ng the advance of the guideand automatlcally returning it to the starting position upon the completion of a predetermined length of spring, the return movement of the guide stripping the spring from the mandrel.

12. In a spring winding device, the combination with a rotatable arbor supported with one end free and adapted to receive the end of a wire at its free end and a source of power for rotating it, of ,a carriage driven along the arbor by the engagement therewith of a wire being led on the,

arbor, means for interrupting the rotation of the arbor upon the completion of given length of spring, and a means resisting the advance of the. carriage and serving to automatically efl'ect its return to the starting position upon the completion of its advanced movement.

13. In a spring winding device, the .com-

bination with a supporting framework, a rotatable arbor slotted at one end to receive a wire and Journalled 1n the framework with its slotted end tree, a source of power riage to its starting posit-ionrupon the com pletion of its advanced movement and the interruption t the arbor rotation.

This specification signed't-his first day 0 June, 1925;

STEWART H. HARTSHORN. 

